Mexico presents a complex picture of maternal and newborn health amid significant socioeconomic disparities. With a maternal mortality ratio of approximately 59.1 deaths per 100,000 live births and a neonatal mortality rate of approximately 7.8 deaths per 1,000 live births, the country shows improvement though substantial challenges remain. 97% of births are attended by skilled health personnel, though quality varies dramatically. Mexico faces extreme disparities in maternal health, with indigenous women in southern states experiencing maternal mortality rates up to three times higher than the national average. The country has implemented innovative programs addressing these inequities, including Seguro Popular (now INSABI) expanding healthcare coverage to vulnerable populations and the Prospera conditional cash transfer program incentivizing prenatal care utilization. Mexico continues to address its relatively high cesarean section rate (approximately 46%), particularly in private facilities where rates often exceed 70%. The country faces growing challenges with non-communicable diseases affecting pregnancy, with approximately 13% of pregnant women experiencing gestational diabetes. Recent healthcare reforms aim to strengthen primary healthcare delivery for maternal services, though implementation gaps persist in rural and marginalized communities. Mexico's northern border regions face unique challenges with migration flows creating additional pressure on maternal health services in border cities.